RESUMEN

El asma es una enfermedad crónica que se caracteriza por ataques recurrentes de disnea y sibilancias, que varían en severidad y frecuencia de una persona a otra. Los síntomas pueden sobrevenir varias veces al día o a la semana, y en algunas personas se agravan durante la actividad física o por la noche. Los síntomas recurrentes causan con frecuencia insomnio, fatiga diurna, una disminución de la actividad y absentismo escolar y laboral. La tasa de letalidad del asma es relativamente baja en comparación con otras enfermedades crónicas; no obstante, en 2005 fallecieron 255,000 personas por esa causa.

PALABRAS CLAVE

Asma bronquial, hiperreactividad bronquial, disnea.

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