RESUMEN

Antecedentes: Las proteínas de la familia CD1 participan en la respuesta inmune celular, presentan antígenos glicolipídicos y activan linfocitos T-antígeno específicos. La identificación de antígenos lipídicos en la pared celular de Mycobacterium tuberculosis, así como la presencia de linfocitos T restringidos a CD1 en pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar sugiere que este sistema de reconocimiento participa activamente en la respuesta inmune celular en contra del bacilo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar el perfil de expresión de las isoformas de CD1 en monocitos de sangre periférica de pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar.
Material y métodos: Se obtuvieron muestras sanguíneas de 20 pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar y 20 individuos sanos. Aislamos células mononucleadas y se incubaron con anticuerpos monoclonales dirigidos contra CD14, CD1a, CD1b, CD1d y HLA-ABC. Se analizaron mediante citometría de flujo.
Resultados: Los pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar mostraron mayor porcentaje de células CD14+ (monocitos) que expresan CD1b (5, iqr 3-6) comparado con individuos sanos (2, iqr 1-3) (p = 0.0003). Con respecto a CD1a, CD1d y HLA-ABC no se encontraron diferencias significativas.
Conclusiones: Los pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar tienen incrementada la frecuencia de monocitos CD1b+, lo que podría favorecer la activación de linfocitos T-antígeno específicos para mediar una respuesta inmune más eficiente.

PALABRAS CLAVE

CD1a, CD1b, CD1d, monocitos, tuberculosis.

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