RESUMEN

Los efectos agudos en la salud respiratoria ocasionados por la precipitación de ceniza volcánica se han documentado en varias partes del mundo. Los reportes epidemiológicos indican que los efectos son transitorios y reversibles, pero los estudios toxicológicos y de biología molecular muestran alteraciones a nivel bioquímico y molecular relacionados con los compuestos adsorbidos en la superficie de las cenizas. Debido a la solubilidad que muchos de ellos presentan, pueden atravesar la membrana alveolocapilar y causar daño a nivel biomolecular, cuya expresión clínica podría tomar años en manifestarse. Es conveniente ampliar los estudios a este nivel, tanto en personas clínicamente sanas como en personas con enfermedades cronicodegenerativas, sobre todo en aquellas que habitan en las comunidades altamente expuestas.

PALABRAS CLAVE

Cenizas volcánicas, salud respiratoria, exposición, PM₁₀, toxicidad.

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