RESUMEN

Las células de Clara son una de las principales poblaciones celulares que habitan los bronquíolos, donde juegan un papel fundamental como células progenitoras en caso de lesión del parénquima de esta porción del árbol bronquial. Su principal función es la producción de la proteína secretoria de la célula de Clara (CCSP), un polipéptido con función principalmente antiinflamatoria e inmunosupresora. Su utilidad en el diagnóstico de múltiples enfermedades que afectan al aparato respiratorio (como varias neumoconiosis, fibrosis pulmonar idiopática, asma y sarcoidosis, entre otras) ha sido estudiada desde hace años, aunque no se ha llegado a un consenso universal en torno a su aplicación clínica. El presente artículo constituye una aproximación general al conocimiento morfofisiológico de este tipo celular y a las implicaciones fisiopatológicas de la CCSP en algunas de las enfermedades del aparato respiratorio.

PALABRAS CLAVE

Bronquíolo, lavado broncoalveolar, proteína secretoria de la célula de Clara, secretoglobinas.

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