RESUMEN

Existe evidencia sólida de que el síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño (SAOS) es un factor de riesgo cardiovascular. Los eventos de obstrucción de la vía aérea durante el sueño predisponen a alteraciones como hipertensión arterial sistémica, cardiopatía isquémica y enfermedad vascular cerebral, representando éstas un impacto negativo en la salud pública de nuestro medio. El SAOS se asocia, además, con disfunción endotelial, arritmias, insuficiencia cardíaca e hipertensión pulmonar (HP). Estas asociaciones han generado el desarrollo constante de evidencia que permite comprender el impacto independiente de este síndrome. En esta revisión de la literatura publicada en MEDLINE que es la base de datos más importante de la National Library of Medicine, tiene como objetivo mostrar al SAOS como un factor de riesgo cardiovascular, con especial atención a su asociación con el desarrollo de HP por ser un factor predisponente de disfunción ventricular.

PALABRAS CLAVE

Enfermedad cardiovascular, hipertensión pulmonar, síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño.

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