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Importance of the Na+/Ca2+ interchanger on intracellular Ca2+ regulation on the smooth muscle of the airway

Luis Cóbar Benard , Luis Manuel Montaño Ramírez , José Erik Cruz Valderrama , Edgar Flores Soto





2010, Number 1

2010; 69 (1)






ABSTRACT

Ca2+ is involved in multiple cellular functions. In airway smooth muscle this ion participates importantly in contraction. Hormonal and neurogenic stimuli generate increment of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration [Ca2+]i; the source of this Ca2+ increase is both intra- and extra-cytoplasmatic. To achieve this increase of [Ca2+]i the participation of multiple membrane and sarcoplasmic proteins is necessary. Among these proteins, Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) is located at the plasma membrane and acts as a cotransporter of ionic exchange. Its main function is to expulse 1 Ca2+ from the cytosol to the extracellular space and to introduce 3 Na+ from extracellular space to cytosol, without spending ATP, thus contributing to the maintenance of the intracellular basal Ca2+ levels. However, when diverse bronchoconstricting agonists activate membrane unspecific cation channels, and these augment intracellular concentrations of both Ca2+ and Na+ the latter ion activates the NCX reverse phase (NCXREV), i.e., Ca2+ is now introduced to cytosol and Na+ is expelled to extracellular space. This article reviews some hints pointing out that inhibition of NCXREV might have relevance as adjuvant therapy in asthmatic patients and reports for the first time experimental evidences of the function of the NCXREV in the human airway smooth muscle.

KEYWORDS

Airway smooth muscle, Na+/Ca2+ exchanger, KB-R7943, SEA 0400, SN-6.

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2010, Number 1

2010; 69 (1)