ABSTRACT

Pulmonary diseases represent a subgroup with respect to nutritional support. Due to its complex clinical presentation, it represents a great challenge for the clinician. Only Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases (COPD) is nowadays the fourth cause or morbidity in the world and has increased tremendously in the past decade in both hospitalized and outpatients with the possibility to exacerbate the disease to reach Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). An adequate nutrition support in those patients will allow them to have a better gas exchange (CO₂-O₂) and in consequence a better clinical outcome and ICU discharge.

KEYWORDS

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome, nutritional support.

REFERENCES

1. Pingleton S, Harmon G. Nutritional management in acute respiratory failure. JAMA 1987; 257(22): 3094-3099.

2. Azkenazi J, Weissman C, Rosebaum H, et al. Nutrition and respiratory system. Crit Care Med 1982; 10(3): 163-72.

3. Cerra FB. Hypermetabolism, organ failure and metabolic support-clinical review. Surgery 1987; 101: 1-14.

4. Glodstien SA, Thomashow B, Azkenazi J. Functional changes during nutritional repletion in patients with lung disease. Clin Chest Med 1986; 7(1): 141-151.

5. Ware BL, Matthay M. The acute respiratory distress syndrome. NEJM 2000; 342: 1334-1349.

6. Al-Saady NM, Blackmore CM, Bennet ED. High fat, low carbohydrate, enteral feeding lowers PaCO2 and reduces the period of ventilation in artificially ventilated patients. Int Care Med 1989; 15: 290-295.

7. Karlstad M, DeMichelle S. Effects of intravenous lipid emulsions enriched with linolenic acid on plasma n-6 fatty acids and prostaglandin biosynthesis after burn and endotoxin injury rats, Crit Care Med 1993; 21(2): 1740-49.

8. Mahan KL. Escott–Stump S. Nutrición y Dietoterapia de Krause. 9e 1998.

9. Bone RC, et al. Sepsis: A new hypothesis for Pathogenesis of the Disease Process. Chest 1997; 112(1): 235-243.

10. Atkinson S, et al. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial of enteral immunonutrition in the critically ill. Crit Care Med 1998; 26(7): 1164-1172.