Bronchogenic cysts are uncommon mediastinal masses that usually evolve unsuspected and are incidentally found. They have origin from the primitive tracheobronchial tube before 40 days of gestation. Their clinical features are often related to size, location, and complications. Progressive pain and regional compressive symptoms may occur. Surgical resection is the first option for definitive treatment, which propitiates the discard of differential hypotheses with several benign and malignant conditions to establish the correct definitive diagnosis. The purpose of the case study herein reported is to enhance the suspicion index of non-specialists about this scarcely described entity.
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