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Lung injury associated with use of cardiopulmonary bypass during the cardiac surgery

Juan Gabriel Posadas Calleja , Guillermo Domínguez Cherit





2006, Number 1

2006; 65 (1)






ABSTRACT

It has been known since the early experience with cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass that significant pulmonary injury may follow these operations and can cause significant mortality and morbidity. It has since become clear that the clinical features and pathophysiology of pulmonary injury associated with cardiopulmonary bypass is nearly identical to ARDS associated with other etiologies. The lung injury is only a part of a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that is probably activated to a variable degree in all patients undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass and perhaps those undergoing major operations without bypass. The clinical features of this syndrome include pulmonary injury with increased pulmonary vascular resistance, increased alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient with a pulmonary edema pattern show in chest radiography. Most patients have this syndrome resolve in the first 24 h after bypass and have no serious consequences.

KEYWORDS

Cardiac surgery, cardiopulmonary bypass, lung injury, systemic inflammatory response syndrome.

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2006, Number 1

2006; 65 (1)