RESUMEN

La enfermedad tromboembólica venosa es un conjunto de patologías con un proceso fisiopatológico común. La tromboembolia pulmonar es la manifestación de esta entidad en la circulación pulmonar. Su presentación es variable y requiere de alta sospecha clínica para su abordaje. La importancia de las manifestaciones clínicas incide directamente en la probabilidad de demostrar la enfermedad; es decir, la probabilidad preprueba de cursar con ella. Los estudios auxiliares de gabinete y laboratorio permiten estratificar a los pacientes de acuerdo al riesgo y gravedad de la misma. Existen herramientas que permiten confirmar la enfermedad, su empleo depende de las características clínicas del paciente. El juicio clínico y su complemento con algoritmo de estudio permiten establecer el diagnóstico, delimitar propuestas de tratamiento y estimar el curso de la enfermedad. La coexistencia de otras manifestaciones de la enfermedad tromboembólica venosa en la circulación venosa periférica incrementa la probabilidad de cursar con tromboembolismo pulmonar. El antecedente de comórbidos o la sospecha de esta patología en grupos especiales, son un reto para el clínico al confirmar su existencia.

PALABRAS CLAVE

Tromboembolismo pulmonar, algoritmo diagnósticotrombosis venosa profunda, circulación pulmonar, angiotomografía pulmonar.

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