RESUMEN

Antecedentes: La respuesta inmune Th1/Th2 es insuficiente para el control de la infección por Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), particularmente contra cepas más virulentas como W-Beijing. Métodos: Se incluyeron 30 pacientes con tuberculosis activa (TBA) y 30 controles con tuberculosis latente (TBL). Se evaluó la distribución del polimorfismo rs2275913 por PCR tiempo real. Se estimularon células mononucleares (CMN) con antígenos CFP-10 y ESAT-6 y extractos de H37Rv, W-Beijing-HN878. Los niveles de IL-17, IFN-γ se cuantificaron por Luminex. Las diferencias se evaluaron con t de Student y U de Mann-Whitney y valores de p ‹ 0.05 fueron significativos. Resultados: No se encontró asociación significativa del polimorfismo-197G›A con la susceptibilidad a TBA. Se observó un efecto de la mutación -197G›A en la tasa de expresión de IL-17A. Las CMN de pacientes TBA con genotipo A/G mostraron una mayor producción de IL-17A (185 pg/mL) en relación con las de pacientes G/G (100 pg/mL, p = 0.008). Esto no se observó en individuos con TBL. Los antígenos de H37Rv y HN878 estimularon mayor producción de IFN-γ en CMN de pacientes con TBA (p ‹ 0.05). Conclusión: La presencia del alelo A en la posición -197 del promotor de IL-17A condiciona mayor producción de esta citocina en respuesta a la cepa hipervirulenta W-Beijing-HN878.

PALABRAS CLAVE

IL-17, polimorfismo -197G›A, tuberculosis, W-Beijing HN878.

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