RESUMEN

El aumento de la producción de moco es común en pacientes con enfermedades respiratorias, asimismo, en la población en general como resultado de la exposición a partículas irritantes e infecciones. La hipersecreción del moco en las vías respiratorias contribuye al deterioro del aclaramiento mucociliar, promueve la mucoestasis y, potencialmente, obstrucción de la vía aérea; esta acumulación continua de moco compromete el trabajo respiratorio con importante gasto energético afectando de manera negativa en la calidad de vida de las personas. Sin embargo, la investigación sobre los beneficios de las intervenciones utilizadas para controlar la hiperproducción de moco es escasa. El propósito de esta revisión es describir las diferentes medidas (farmacológicas y no farmacológicas) que existen en la actualidad para el manejo de las secreciones respiratorias.

PALABRAS CLAVE

Fármacos mucoactivos, aclaramiento mucociliar, dispositivos mecánicos, aerosol terapia, mecanismos de la tos.

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