ABSTRACT

Objective: Our objective was to identify risk factors in hospitalized patients with lung cancer treated at a national referral hospital for respiratory diseases. Material and methods: We analyzed routinely obtained occupational, environmental and household exposures and hospitalization databases in a retrospective case-control study. The clinical charts of adult HIV-negative patients (≥18 years old), were examined (from 1999-2009). The five groups of patients (cases) were: 1) 1,067 patients with lung cancer (all of them); 2) 826 patients with adenocarcinoma; 3) 152 patients with squamous cell lung cancer; 4) 51 patients with small-cell lung cancer, and 5) 38 patients with large-cell lung cancer all biopsy proven. The controls were otolaryngology patients without lung diseases and age › 30 years old (n = 797). All of cases were nonsmokers and both sexes. We analyzed also these groups of patients by gender, in nonsmoking women. Institutional committees approved protocol. Results: Cases were older with high prevalence of exposure to wood smoke than controls. In the multivariate analysis, after controlling for potential confounders, past or current exposure to wood smoke was associated with: lung cancer (OR = 2.0 [95% CI 1.6-2.6] p ‹ 0.0001); adenocarcinoma (OR = 2.1 [95% CI 1.6-2.7] p ‹ 0.0001); squamous cell lung cancer (OR = 1.6 [95% CI 1.03-2.5] p = 0.03); small cell lung cancer (OR = 2.2 [95% CI 1.1-4.3] p = 0.02) and large cells lung cancer (OR = 1.8 [95% CI 0.9-3.7] p = 0.1); in the same models, passive smoking was not significantly associated with lung cancer. In nonsmoking women, similar results were observed. Conclusions: Exposure to wood smoke was associated with lung cancer in non-smoking men and woman.

KEYWORDS

Passive smoking, biomass, indoor air pollution, lung cancer, wood smoke.

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