The role of extracellular vesicles in patients with type 2 diabetes in susceptibility to pulmonary tuberculosis

In recent decades, the study of extracellular vesicles has gained great importance due to their regulatory functions and their ability to modulate the immune response at the systemic level. Advances in the investigation of post-transcriptional regulation through microRNAs (miRNAs) have engendered a novel approach to understanding disease. Recent research has demonstrated that extracellular vesicles act as mediators of the immune response and may act as therapeutic targets or biomarkers of health status in individuals. The present analysis aims to explore the relationship between extracellular vesicles and diabetes mellitus, susceptibility to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and the development of active tuberculosis. While further exploration is warranted to identify the specific miRNAs implicated in these infections, the current findings suggest a potential for these molecules to explain the increased susceptibility to tuberculosis, the progression of the disease, and the efficacy of therapeutic interventions.